ChatGPT · Machine Relations Index

Which sources does ChatGPT cite most?

Name: Which sources does ChatGPT cite most?
Creator: Jaxon Parrott
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Keywords: ChatGPT, Machine Relations Index

As of October 25, 2026, TechRadar is the most-cited source in ChatGPT answers, cited in 9.04% of 7,155 observed ChatGPT runs.

A rate is the share of ChatGPT's observed runs, across every category in the window, that cited the source. Engines answer different numbers of runs, so compare rates, not counts.

Markdown Agent API Public JSON Release manifest

Ranking

Sources ranked by citation rate

Rank	Source	Source role	Citation rate	Cited runs	Engine's observed runs	Confidence
#1 of 9,315	TechRadar	Editorial publication	9.04%	647	7,155	A
#2 of 9,315	YouTube	Search or media platform	7.10%	508	7,155	A
#3 of 9,315	Tom's Guide	Editorial publication	2.31%	165	7,155	B
#4 of 9,315	TechTarget	Editorial publication	2.21%	158	7,155	A
#5 of 9,315	Arxiv.org	Academic and government source	2.14%	153	7,155	A
#6 of 9,315	Axios	Editorial publication	2.07%	148	7,155	B
#7 of 9,315	PR Newswire	Wire and press-release distribution	1.98%	142	7,155	B
#8 of 9,315	IT Pro	Editorial publication	1.80%	129	7,155	B
#9 of 9,315	Wikipedia	Academic and government source	1.61%	115	7,155	A
#10 of 9,315	LinkedIn	Community and social platform	1.58%	113	7,155	A
#11 of 9,315	Kiplinger	Editorial publication	1.51%	108	7,155	B
#12 of 9,315	NerdWallet	Editorial publication	1.50%	107	7,155	A
#13 of 9,315	Healthline	Editorial publication	1.45%	104	7,155	B
#14 of 9,315	Forbes	Editorial publication	1.38%	99	7,155	A
#15 of 9,315	Scienceinsights.org	Other observed source	1.20%	86	7,155	B
#16 of 9,315	Business Wire	Wire and press-release distribution	1.13%	81	7,155	B
#17 of 9,315	Microsoft.com	Vendor-owned source	1.10%	79	7,155	A
#18 of 9,315	LegalClarity	Editorial publication	1.08%	77	7,155	C
#19 of 9,315	TechCrunch	Editorial publication	1.05%	75	7,155	B
#20 of 9,315	NIH	Academic and government source	0.94%	67	7,155	A
#21 of 9,315	TIME	Editorial publication	0.92%	66	7,155	C
#22 of 9,315	Erpresearch.com	Market and company database	0.89%	64	7,155	B
#23 of 9,315	G2	Market and company database	0.87%	62	7,155	A
#23 of 9,315	Nhimg.org	Other observed source	0.87%	62	7,155	B
#25 of 9,315	GlobeNewswire	Wire and press-release distribution	0.84%	60	7,155	B
#26 of 9,315	Clevelandclinic.org	Academic and government source	0.80%	57	7,155	B
#26 of 9,315	Medium	Community and social platform	0.80%	57	7,155	A
#26 of 9,315	Nvidia.com	Vendor-owned source	0.80%	57	7,155	B
#29 of 9,315	Walmart.com	Other observed source	0.77%	55	7,155	C
#30 of 9,315	Github.com	Community and social platform	0.70%	50	7,155	A
#30 of 9,315	Tomshardware.com	Other observed source	0.70%	50	7,155	C
#32 of 9,315	Apple News (Syndication from Grit Daily)	Other observed source	0.67%	48	7,155	B
#33 of 9,315	Itechguides.com	Market and company database	0.66%	47	7,155	C
#34 of 9,315	Ibm.com	Vendor-owned source	0.64%	46	7,155	A
#34 of 9,315	Saasworthy.com	Other observed source	0.64%	46	7,155	C
#36 of 9,315	T3	Editorial publication	0.61%	44	7,155	C
#37 of 9,315	Gartner.com	Analyst and consulting research	0.59%	42	7,155	A
#38 of 9,315	TechRepublic	Editorial publication	0.57%	41	7,155	B
#39 of 9,315	Seeklogo.com	Other observed source	0.56%	40	7,155	Collecting
#39 of 9,315	Yahoo News	Editorial publication	0.56%	40	7,155	A
#41 of 9,315	Petmd.com	Other observed source	0.55%	39	7,155	C
#42 of 9,315	Bark.us	Other observed source	0.49%	35	7,155	C
#43 of 9,315	Amazon.com	Other observed source	0.48%	34	7,155	A
#44 of 9,315	Harvard.edu	Academic and government source	0.46%	33	7,155	B
#45 of 9,315	Cisco.com	Other observed source	0.45%	32	7,155	B
#45 of 9,315	Randgroup.com	Other observed source	0.45%	32	7,155	C
#47 of 9,315	Ebay.com	Other observed source	0.43%	31	7,155	C
#48 of 9,315	Gusto.com	Other observed source	0.41%	29	7,155	C
#48 of 9,315	Wondershare.com	Other observed source	0.41%	29	7,155	C
#50 of 9,315	Digital.finance	Other observed source	0.39%	28	7,155	Collecting
#50 of 9,315	Guideflow.com	Other observed source	0.39%	28	7,155	A
#50 of 9,315	Pxp.io	Other observed source	0.39%	28	7,155	C
#50 of 9,315	Stripe.com	Vendor-owned source	0.39%	28	7,155	B
#50 of 9,315	Toolradar.com	Other observed source	0.39%	28	7,155	C
#50 of 9,315	Uclahealth.org	Other observed source	0.39%	28	7,155	C
#56 of 9,315	Github.io	Other observed source	0.38%	27	7,155	B
#56 of 9,315	Mayoclinic.org	Other observed source	0.38%	27	7,155	B
#56 of 9,315	Presenc.ai	Other observed source	0.38%	27	7,155	C
#56 of 9,315	Shopee.ph	Other observed source	0.38%	27	7,155	Collecting
#56 of 9,315	Vlsishuttle.com	Other observed source	0.38%	27	7,155	C
#61 of 9,315	Android Central	Editorial publication	0.36%	26	7,155	Collecting
#61 of 9,315	Deloitte.com	Analyst and consulting research	0.36%	26	7,155	B
#61 of 9,315	Dev.to	Community and social platform	0.36%	26	7,155	A
#61 of 9,315	Hubspot.com	Vendor-owned source	0.36%	26	7,155	A
#61 of 9,315	WebMD	Editorial publication	0.36%	26	7,155	B
#66 of 9,315	Good Housekeeping	Editorial publication	0.35%	25	7,155	B
#67 of 9,315	Chewy.com	Other observed source	0.34%	24	7,155	C
#67 of 9,315	Ramseysolutions.com	Other observed source	0.34%	24	7,155	C
#67 of 9,315	Spotsaas.com	Market and company database	0.34%	24	7,155	C
#70 of 9,315	Axis Intelligence	Editorial publication	0.32%	23	7,155	C
#70 of 9,315	Crowdstrike.com	Vendor-owned source	0.32%	23	7,155	B
#70 of 9,315	Fidelity.com	Other observed source	0.32%	23	7,155	C
#70 of 9,315	Hopkinsmedicine.org	Other observed source	0.32%	23	7,155	C
#70 of 9,315	Meltwater.com	Vendor-owned source	0.32%	23	7,155	C
#70 of 9,315	Paymentsandrisk.com	Other observed source	0.32%	23	7,155	C
#70 of 9,315	Semrush.com	Vendor-owned source	0.32%	23	7,155	B
#70 of 9,315	Usefulvitamins.com	Other observed source	0.32%	23	7,155	Collecting
#78 of 9,315	Cdp.com	Vendor-owned source	0.31%	22	7,155	B
#78 of 9,315	Grandviewresearch.com	Market and company database	0.31%	22	7,155	B
#78 of 9,315	Mwm.ai	Other observed source	0.31%	22	7,155	Collecting
#78 of 9,315	Zendesk.com	Other observed source	0.31%	22	7,155	C
#82 of 9,315	Fitandwell.com	Other observed source	0.29%	21	7,155	Collecting
#82 of 9,315	Performyard.com	Other observed source	0.29%	21	7,155	C
#82 of 9,315	Sage.com	Other observed source	0.29%	21	7,155	C
#85 of 9,315	Aisecurityandsafety.org	Other observed source	0.28%	20	7,155	C
#85 of 9,315	Analog.com	Other observed source	0.28%	20	7,155	C
#85 of 9,315	Deploybase.ai	Other observed source	0.28%	20	7,155	C
#85 of 9,315	Erp-pilot.com	Other observed source	0.28%	20	7,155	C
#85 of 9,315	Gmmy.com	Other observed source	0.28%	20	7,155	Collecting
#85 of 9,315	Inside Cyber	Editorial publication	0.28%	20	7,155	Collecting
#85 of 9,315	Logpresso Store	Other observed source	0.28%	20	7,155	Collecting
#85 of 9,315	Mdpi.com	Other observed source	0.28%	20	7,155	B
#85 of 9,315	Monday.com	Vendor-owned source	0.28%	20	7,155	B
#85 of 9,315	Sleepfoundation.org	Academic and government source	0.28%	20	7,155	C
#85 of 9,315	VentureBeat	Editorial publication	0.28%	20	7,155	C
#85 of 9,315	Wise.com	Other observed source	0.28%	20	7,155	C
#85 of 9,315	X.com	Community and social platform	0.28%	20	7,155	C
#98 of 9,315	Adyen.com	Vendor-owned source	0.27%	19	7,155	C
#98 of 9,315	Ciopages.com	Other observed source	0.27%	19	7,155	C
#98 of 9,315	Digital Camera World	Editorial publication	0.27%	19	7,155	C

Showing the first 100 of 9,315 ranked sources.

Whole-window rates among published segments

Each link ranks sources with a published segment in that category by this engine's citation rate across the whole window. A collecting category has no published segment, so it publishes no ranking.

Method

What each engine's figures measure

Release mri_score_v2.1+2026-10-25+9c34b2dccc04; methodology mri_score_v2.1; generated 2026-10-25; window 2026-05-10 to 2026-10-25; artifact 9f1a507f84e8.

The release roster names the model gpt-4.1-mini-2025-04-14 for ChatGPT.

ChatGPT's sample is 7,155 observed runs across 158 dates. The evidence floor is 10 observed runs and 7 distinct dates.

ChatGPT runs. They go through OpenAI's API with web search switched on, using the model each release names in its engine roster: gpt-4.1-mini-2025-04-14 in current releases, while earlier runs in the window were answered by gpt-4o-mini-search-preview-2025-03-11. That is the retrieval layer apps and research agents built on OpenAI's API use. The signed-in ChatGPT app answers with its own models and search pipeline and cites differently: a preprint submitted on 2026-10-11 and not yet peer reviewed found that Google Search and OpenAI's API on comparable models together recovered about half of the hostnames ChatGPT Web cited (48.7 and 50.3 percent on two model settings) and 26 to 28 percent of its exact URLs (arXiv 2610.15382v1). Claude, Gemini and Perplexity runs are likewise API runs with web search, on the models the roster names.

Method note, 2026-09-25. From that date, Google AI Mode and Google AI Overviews runs come through a different collection path than earlier runs, with no overlapping days, and answers collected on the two paths differ in how many distinct domains each cites. Per-answer figures for those two engines are read within one side of 2026-09-25, not as a trend across it.

Degraded coverage: 5 of 6 answer engines are currently returning citation-bearing answers. gemini quiet (5 of 20 collected calls produced an observation, 25%). Coverage across the window is uneven: gemini returned citation-bearing answers on 140 of 162 observed days (2,197 of 6,962 returned runs produced a citation); google_ai_mode returned citation-bearing answers on 119 of 162 observed days (1,613 of 2,086 returned runs produced a citation); google_ai_overviews returned citation-bearing answers on 102 of 162 observed days (963 of 1,446 returned runs produced a citation). Engines below 90% of the window are named here; per-engine day and run counts for all 6 are in engine_roster.

Cite this leaderboard

How to cite ChatGPT

Machine Relations Index (MRI) by Jaxon Parrott, Machine Relations Research — machinerelations.ai. As of October 25, 2026, TechRadar is the most-cited source in ChatGPT answers, cited in 9.04% of 7,155 observed ChatGPT runs. Release mri_score_v2.1+2026-10-25+9c34b2dccc04. https://machinerelations.ai/index/engines/chatgpt. CC BY 4.0.

APA

Parrott, J. (2026). Which sources does ChatGPT cite most? (Version mri_score_v2.1+2026-10-25+9c34b2dccc04) [Data set]. Machine Relations Research. https://machinerelations.ai/index/engines/chatgpt

BibTeX

@misc{parrott2026mrichatgpt,
  author = {Parrott, Jaxon},
  title = {Which sources does ChatGPT cite most?},
  year = {2026},
  version = {mri\_score\_v2.1+2026-10-25+9c34b2dccc04},
  publisher = {Machine Relations Research},
  url = {https://machinerelations.ai/index/engines/chatgpt},
  license = {CC-BY-4.0},
  note = {Machine Relations Index (MRI) by Jaxon Parrott, Machine Relations Research — machinerelations.ai}
}

CITATION.cff

Which sources does ChatGPT cite most?

Sources ranked by citation rate

Whole-window rates among published segments

What each engine's figures measure

How to cite ChatGPT

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